Refine your search
Collections
Co-Authors
Journals
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Ashok Kumar, G.
- Assessment of Genetic Variation in Cotesia flavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Populations as Revealed by Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase Gene Sequences
Abstract Views :250 |
PDF Views:112
Authors
Affiliations
1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560024, Karnataka, IN
1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560024, Karnataka, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 23, No 3 (2009), Pagination: 249-253Abstract
The cytochrome oxidase gene (COI) was employed to assess the genetic variation in different populations of Cotesia flavipes. Partial sequences of the COI gene for the populations from Bangalore, Hyderabad, New Delhi and Shimla were analyzed to assess the homology and the usefulness of this genetic region for phylogenetic studies. PCR using COI-F and COI-R primers amplified a product of approximately 550 bp which was similar for all the four populations. Populations were by and large similar in the COI gene sequenced and there was no variation with our sequences and those of sequences worldwide. The multiple alignments were performed for four populations which revealed similarity of the partial COI gene sequences. Comparative analysis of partial sequences of COI gene produced a phylogenetic tree. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all our populations were in a single clade with high boot strap value, suggesting highest similarity.Keywords
Cotesia flavipes, Cytochrome Oxidase, Genetic Variation.References
- Altschul, S. F., Madden, T. L., Schaffer, A. A., Zhang, Z.,Miller, W. and Lipman, D. J. 1997. Gapped BLASTand PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programmes. Nucleic Acids Research,25: 3389–3402.
- Ballal, C. R.., Kumar, P. and Ramani, S. 1995. Laboratoryevaluation, storability and economics of anartificial diet for rearing Chilo partellus (Swinhoe)(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Journal of EntomologicalResearch, 19:135–141.
- Borah, B. K. and Arya, M. P. S.1995. Natural parasitisationof the sugarcane Plassey borer (Chilo tumidicostalisHmpsn.) by braconid larval parasitoid in Assam. Annals of Agricultural Research, 16 : 362–363.
- Dowton, M. and Austin, A. D. 1994. Simultaneousanalysis of 16S, 28S, CO1 and morphology in theHymenoptera: Apocrita-evolutionary transitionsamong parasitic wasps. Proceedings of NationalAcademy of Sciences, 91: 9911–9915.
- Fakrudin, B., Prakash, S. H., Krishnareddy, K. B.,Vijaykumar Badari Prasad, P. R., Patil, B. V. andKuruvinashetti, M. S. 2004. Genetic variation ofcotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)(Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) of South Indian cottonecosystem using RAPD markers. Current Science,87: 1654–1659.
- Felsenstein, J. 1985. Confidence limits on phylogenies:an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution, 39:783–791.
- Hoy, M. A. 1994. Insect Molecular Genetics: an Introductionto Principles and Applications. Academic Press,San Diego, CA, USA, 546pp.
- Kimura, M. 1980. A simple method for estimatingevolutionary rate of base substitutions throughcomparative studies of nucleotide sequences. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 16: 111–120.
- Kfir, R., Overholt, W. A., Khan, Z. R. and Polaszek, A. 2002. Biology and management of economicallyimportant lepidopteran cereal stem borers in Africa. Annual Review of Entomology, 47: 701–731.
- Kumar, S., Tamura, K. and Nei, M. 2004. MEGA 3:integrated software for molecular evolutionarygenetics analysis and sequence alignment. Briefings in Bioinformatics, 5: 150–163.
- Kankare, M., Stefanescu, C., Saskya, V. N. and Shaw, M. R. 2005. Host specialization by Cotesia wasps(Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitizing speciesrich Melitaeini (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)communities in north-eastern Spain. BiologicalJournal of the Linnean Society, 86: 45–65.
- Mohan, B. R., Verma, A. N. and Singh, S. P. 1991. Periodicparasitisation of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) larvaeon forage sorghum in Haryana. Journal of InsectScience, 4: 167–169.
- Muirhead, K. A., Murphy, N. P., Sallam, M. N., Donnellan,S. C. and Austin, A.D. Mitochondrial DNAphylogeography of the Cotesia flavipes complexof parasitic wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America,42: 309–318.
- Potting, R. P. J.; Vet., L. E. M and Overholt, W. A.1997. Geographic variation in host selection behaviour and reproductive success in the stemborer parasitoid Cotesia flavipes (Hymenoptera:Braconidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research,87: 515–524.
- Rattan, R. S., Reineke, A., Ashok, H., Gupta, P. R. andZebitz, C. P. W. 2006. Molecular phylogeny ofCotesia species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)inferred from a 16s gene. Current Science, 91:1460–1461.
- Scott, K. D., Wilkinson, K. S. and Merritt, M. A. 2003. Genetic shifts in Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) over a year in theDawson/Callide valleys. Australian Journal ofAgricultural Research, 54: 739–744.
- Whitfield, J. B. 1997. Hierarchical analysis of variationin the mitochondrial 16S gene amongHymenoptera. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 15: 1728-1743.
- Genetic Variation in Artificially Selected Strains of the Egg Parasitoid, Trichogramma chilonis Ishii (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) Using Rapd Analysis
Abstract Views :267 |
PDF Views:150
Authors
Affiliations
1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560024, Karnataka, IN
1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560024, Karnataka, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 23, No 4 (2009), Pagination: 353-359Abstract
Artificial selection is extensively used to develop pesticide resistance in natural enemies. RAPD markers were used to estimate genetic relatedness between the parent and artificially selected hybrids of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis Ishii resistant to multiple insecticides (700ppm of endosulfan, 540ppm of monocrotophos and 20ppm of fenvalerate) and high temperature (> 40°C). Highly polymorphic markers could be identified through the primers OPF-1 and OPJ-20. RAPD marker from 15 oligomers clearly outgrouped the susceptible parent from artificially selected pesticide-resistant strains. The first group comprised the susceptible strain. The second group comprised the two subclusters, the first subcluster including the strain resistant to endosulfan and fenvalerate, multiple-insecticide resistant strain (MIRS) and high temperature resistant (HTR) strain while the second subcluster consisted of monocrotophos and HTR strains. The discriminating property of RAPD markers allowed differentiation of the resistant strain from the parental susceptible strain. Artificially selected resistant strains shared relatively high similarity (61-66%) with susceptible parent strain as per Jaccard's index.Keywords
Trichogramma chilonis, RAPD, Pesticide Resistance, High Temperature, Genetic Relatednes.References
- Aljanabi, S. M., Loicacano, M. S., Lourenco, R. T., Borges,M. and Tigano, M. S. 1998. RAPD analysisrevealing polymorphism in egg parasitoid ofsoybean stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil,27: 413-420.
- Ashok Kumar, G., Jalali, S. K., Venkatesan, T., Nagesh,M. and Lalitha, Y. 2008. Genetic improvementof egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis Ishii forcombined tolerance to multiple insecticides andhigh temperature. Journal of Biological Control,22: 347-356.
- Buso, G. S. C., Rangel, P. H. and Ferrira, M. E. 1998. Analysis of genetic variability of South Americanwild rice populations (Oryza glumaepatula) with isozymes and RAPD markers. Molecular Ecology,7: 107–117.
- Cenis, J. L. 1993. Indentification of four major Meloidogynespp. by random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD-PCR). Phytopathology, 83: 76-78.
- Dawson, I. K., Chalmers, K. J., Waugh, R. and Powell, W. 1993. Detection and analysis of genetic variationin Hordeum spontaneum populations from Israelusing RAPD markers. Molecular Ecology, 2: 151–159.
- Edwards, O. R. and Hoy, M. A. 1995. Random amplifiedpolymorphic DNA markers to monitor laboratoryselected,pesticide resistant Trioxys pallidus(Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) after release intothree California walnut orchards. EnvironmentalEntomology, 24: 487-496.
- Hoy, M. A. 1994. Insect Molecular Genetics: Anintroduction to principles and applications, 2ndedition. Academic Press.
- Hsiao, J. Y. and Lee, S. M. 1999. Genetic diversity andmicrogeographic differentiation of Yushan cane(Yushania niitakayamensis; Poaceae) in Taiwan. Molecular Ecology, 8: 263–270.
- Huff, D. R., Peakall, R. and Smouse, P. E. 1993. RAPDvariation within and among a natural populationof outcrossing buffalo grass [Buchloë dactyloides(Nutt.) Engelm.]. Theoretical and AppliedGenetics, 86: 927–934.
- Jalali, S.K., Rabindra, R.J., Rao, N.S. and Dasan, C.B. 2003. Mass production of trichogrammatids andchrysopids. Project Directorate of BiologicalControl, Bangalore 560024, Technical BulletinNo. 33, 16pp.
- Jalali, S. K., Singh, S. P., Venkatesan, T., Murthy, K. S.,and Lalitha, Y. 2006a. Development of endosulfantolerant strain of an egg parasitoid Trichogrammachilonis Ishii (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 44: 584-590.
- Jalali, S. K., Venkatesan, T., Murthy, K. S., Rabindra, R. J.,Lalitha, Y., Udikeri, S. S., Patil, B. V., Bheemanna,M., Sreenivas, A. G., Balagurunathan, R. andYadav, D. N. 2006b. Field efficacy of multipleinsecticide tolerant strain of Trichogrammachilonis against American bollworm, Helicoverpaarmigera on cotton. Indian Journal of PlantProtection, 34: 173-180.
- Laurent, V., Wajenberg, E., Morgan, B., Schiex, T., Gaspin,C. and Vanlerberghe-Massuti, L. 1998. A compositegenetic map of parasitoid wasp Trichogrammabrassicae based on RAPD markers. Genetics,50: 275-282.
- Kumar, L. S., Sawant, A. S., Gupta, V. S. and Ranjekar, P.K. 2001. Genetic variation in Indian populationsof Scirpophaga incertulas as revealed by RAPDPCRanalysis. Biochemical Genetics, 39: 43-57.
- Martin, C., Gonzalez-Bentio, M. E. and Iriondo, J. M. 1997. Genetic diversity within and among populationsof a threatened species: Erodium paularense Fern. Gonz & Izco. Molecular Ecology, 6: 813–820.
- Pornkulwat, S., Skoda, S. R., Thomas, G. D. and Foster,J. E. 1998. Random amplified polymorphic DNAused to identify genetic variation in ecotypes ofthe European corn borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America,91:719-725.
- Rohlf, F. 1998. NTSYS-pc. Numerical taxonomy andmultivariate analysis system (version 2.02j). Exeter Software Publishers.
- Shah, R., Armstrong, K., Worner, S. P. and Chapman, R. B. 2002. Investigation of a PCR-based methodfor insecticide resistance monitoring. PakistanJournal of Biological Sciences, 5: 1070-1073.
- Subramanian, S. and Mohankumar, S. 2006. Geneticvariability of the bollworm, Helicoverpaarmigera, occurring on different host plants. 8pp. Journal of Insect Science, 6: 26.
- Vanlerberghe-Masutti F. 1994. Detection of geneticvariability in Trichogramma populations usingmolecular markers. Norwegian Journal ofAgricultural Sciences, 16: 171-176.
- Whitten, M. J. and Hoy, M. A. 1999. Enhanced biologicalcontrol through pesticide selectivity, pp. 271–296. In: Fisher T., Bellows, T. S., Caltagirone, L. E.,Dahlsten, D. L., Huffaker, C. and Gordh, G. (Eds.). Handbook of Biological Control, Academic Press.
- Williams, C. L., Goldson, S. L., Baird, D. B. and Bullock,D. W. 1994. Geographical origin of an introducedinsect pest, Listronotus bonariensis (Kuschell), determined by RAPD analysis. Heredity,72: 412-419.
- Yli-Mattila, T., Paavanen-Huhtala, S., Fenton,B. and Tuovinen, T. 2000. Species andstrain identification of the predatory miteEuseius finlandicus by RAPD-PCR andITS Sequences. Experimental and AppliedAcarology, 24: 863-880.
- Zhao, G. F., Felber, F. and Kuepfer, P. 2000. Subpopulationdifferentiation of Anthoxanthum alpinum(Poaceae) along an altitudinal gradientdetected by random amplified polymorphicDNA. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,38: 64–70.
- Occurrence of Chrysoperla zastrowi arabica Henry et al. (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), a Cryptic Song Species of Chrysoperla (Carnea-group), in India
Abstract Views :244 |
PDF Views:127
Authors
T. Venkatesan
1,
J. Poorani
2,
K. S. Murthy
1,
S. K. Jalali
1,
G. Ashok Kumar
1,
Y. Lalitha
1,
R. Rajeshwari
1
Affiliations
1 Biological Control, Post Bag No. 2491, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore - 560024, Karnataka, IN
2 Biological Control, Post Bag No. 2491, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore - 560024, Karnataka., IN
1 Biological Control, Post Bag No. 2491, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore - 560024, Karnataka, IN
2 Biological Control, Post Bag No. 2491, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore - 560024, Karnataka., IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 22, No 1 (2008), Pagination: 143-147Abstract
The Chrysoperla species (carnea-group) widely used in India in augmentative biological control programmes was found to be Chrysoperla zastrowi arabica Henry et al. The acoustic profile of the mating song of this species was analyzed and found to match that of C. zastrowi arabica, the song species characterized earlier as 'Cc5 generator'. The correct taxonomic name for this species remains to be determined as it is morphologically identical to C. sillemi (Esben-Petersen), a species already known from India. Molecular characterization of the species was also done and the DNA sequence of the ITS-2 region was deposited in GenBank (Accession No. DQ 825504, as that of C. sillemi). The implications of this finding are discussed.Keywords
Chrysopidae, Carnea-group, Chrysoperla zastrowi Arabica, C. sillemi, India, Molecular Characterization, Song Analysis.- Genetic Improvement of Egg Parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis Ishii for Combined Tolerance to Multiple Insecticides and High Temperature
Abstract Views :226 |
PDF Views:114
Authors
Affiliations
1 Biological Control, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Bangalore, 560024, Karnataka, IN
2 Biological Control, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Bangalore, 560024, Karnataka, IN
3 Biological Control, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Bangalore, 560024, Karnataka, IN
1 Biological Control, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Bangalore, 560024, Karnataka, IN
2 Biological Control, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Bangalore, 560024, Karnataka, IN
3 Biological Control, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Bangalore, 560024, Karnataka, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 22, No 2 (2008), Pagination: 347-356Abstract
A strain of Trichogramma chilonis Ishii, an effective parasitoid of lepidopteran pests was developed for tolerance to three major groups of insecticides, i. e., endosulfan (organochlorine), monocrotophos (organophosphate) and fenvalerate (synthetic pyrethroid) and to high temperature (32-38°C) through selection. After 81 generations of selection, there was an increase in parasitism from 35% to 90-95% and decrease in mortality from 100% to 57-70% after 6h of constant exposure to three insecticides and high temperature. Interestingly 46.8 and 2.9 fold increase in tolerance was observed in males compared to 18.5 and 1.3 fold increase in females of MITT (multiple-insecticide and temperature tolerant) strain when exposed to endosulfan and fenvalerate sprays, respectively, while in case of monocrotophos, females and males were 465-fold and 25-fold more tolerant, respectively, than susceptible strain. At higher temperatures of 40 and 45°C, the per cent mortality of tolerant adults was 0.0 and 9.2%, respectively, compared to 59.7 and 96.1% in susceptible population after 6h of exposure at these temperatures. At high variable temperature (32-38°C), per cent mortality in MITT was 57.1 compared to 98.5% in susceptible population after 24h of constant exposure. The mean per cent parasitism at 32°C, 36°C, 38°C and at variable temperature of 32-38°C was significantly higher in tolerant strain (46.7, 45.0, 18.3 and 63.3%) compared to susceptible strain (54.0, 6.7, 0.0 and 0.0%), respectively. These studies suggest that the improved strain of T. chilonis will provide effective control of the pest even at harsh climatic conditions and under high insecticide pressure in different economically important crops.Keywords
Egg Parasitoid, Genetic Improvement, High Temperature Tolerance, Multiple Insecticide Tolerance, Trichogramma chilonis.- Sequencing of Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 (ITS2) of Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner (Homoptera:Aphididae)
Abstract Views :209 |
PDF Views:114
Authors
Affiliations
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore-560024, Karnataka, IN
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore-560024, Karnataka, IN